The most common reasons for the investigation of the uterine cavity are infertility and abnormal uterine bleeding. Although hysterosalpingography (HSG) and modern ultra-sonography (ultrasound scans) are relative sensitive in detecting intrauterine anomalies, diagnostic hysteroscopy remains the most accurate method available for the investigation of the cervical canal and uterine cavity.Hysteroscopy, as a procedure offering direct visualization of the uterine cavity, has an advantage over the x-ray based HSG and hypersonic based ultra-sonography that offer only indirect visualization. This is especially helpful for minor and superficial intrauterine and endometrial pathology like chronic endometritis, adhesions, scar tissue, adenomyotic craters, as well as early malignancy.